当前目录和程序所在目录

import os
os.getcwd()

import os
#os.path.split( os.path.realpath( sys.argv[0] ) )[0]
os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))

TCHAR path[MAX_PATH];
GetCurrentDirectory(path, MAX_PATH);

TCHAR path[MAX_PATH];
GetModuleFileName(NULL, path, MAX_PATH);

char buffer[MAX_PATH];
#include < direct.h >
getcwd(buffer, _MAX_PATH);

#include < stdio.h >
#include < unistd.h >
int main() {
    char buf[256];
    readlink("/proc/self/exe", buf, sizeof(buf));
    printf("%s\n",buf);
    return 0;
}

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todo:

Linux:
/proc/pid/exe

Solaris:
/proc/pid/object/a.out (filename only)
/proc/pid/path/a.out (complete pathname)

*BSD (and maybe Darwing too):
/proc/pid/file
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String curDir = System.getProperty("user.dir"); 
//String currentDir = new File(".").getAbsolutePath();

ClassName.class.getResource("ClassName.class").getPath();
//jsp
//getServletContext().getRealPath("/");